科研成果向教学转化的机制建设初探

科学研究成果在高校如雨后春笋般涌现。如何应用这些成果，发挥其实用价值，是摆在我们面前的一项重要任务。将科研与教学紧密结合，将科研成果应用到院校教学工作中，提高教学效益，提高人才培养质量，是当前院校的紧迫任务。要建立科学的评价指标体系，实现科研成果向教学转化的数字化评价，建立科研成果向教学转化的评价机制。     

基于效能的舰艇电子对抗训练效果评估方法

摘 要：为解决舰艇电子对抗专业训练缺乏统一评估标准与方法体系等实际评估难题;采用系统分析方法结合舰艇电子对抗专业训练实际;研究提出了基于“任务要求分解”的作战效能量化指标体系构建方法、训练效果表达方法及实用评估指标体系、定量指标评估模型、评估标准等舰艇电子对抗训练效果评估方法体系;能够满足专业训练效果评估所需,对其它专业军事训练效果评估工作亦具有借鉴意义。     

Threshold optimization for weighted voting classifiers

Weighted voting classifiers considered in this paper consist of N units each providing individual classification decisions. The entire system output is based on tallying the weighted votes for each decision and choosing the one which has total support weight exceeding a certain threshold. Each individual unit may abstain from voting. The entire system may also abstain from voting if no decision support weight exceeds the threshold. Existing methods of evaluating the reliability of weighted voting systems can be applied to limited special cases of these systems and impose some restrictions on their parameters. In this paper a universal generating function method is suggested which allows the reliability of weighted voting classifiers to be exactly evaluated without imposing constraints on unit weights. Based on this method, the classifier reliability is determined as a function of a threshold factor, and a procedure is suggested for finding the threshold which minimizes the cost of damage caused by classifier failures (misclassification and abstention may have different price.) Dynamic and static threshold voting rules are considered and compared. A method of analyzing the influence of units' availability on the entire classifier reliability is suggested, and illustrative examples are presented. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 322–344, 2003.     

The myth of Afghan electoral democracy: the irregularities of the 2014 presidential election

ABSTRACT

This article systematically assesses the 2014 Afghanistan Presidential Election, the first transfer of power from President Hamid Karzai to an elected successor, using provincial voting data as well as explicit data from polling centers. The analysis finds unusual voting results in the April election, where no candidate received 50%+1 votes required by the Afghan constitution, versus the voting results realized for the June ‘runoff election.’ As in other Afghan voting analyses, this article finds voting based on ethno-linguistic preferences, and interestingly found Dr. Ashraf Ghani receiving almost all the swing votes in the runoff election even though the other leading candidate from the April election all endorsed Dr. Abdullah Abdullah. More importantly, however, the research presented here clearly finds extremely strange voting patterns. For example, the polling data center analysis finds 606 polling places where Ghani received all 600 votes and Abdullah received none and another 900 polling centers that gave virtually all its votes to Ghani. These results in combination with other analyses raise the very real possibility that the election results were illegitimate. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the research to future Afghan elections and their processes as well as to the long-standing conflict in the country.     

基于神经网络集成方法预测膜蛋白类型

由Chou等人提出的预测膜蛋白分类的机器学习算法在近年来不断改进,使得预测膜蛋白类型的准确率越来越高。但是由于膜蛋白类分布不均衡而导致少数类的预测准确率非常低,使用神经网络集成方法能解决此问题。该方法中Bagging算法通过对多数类欠采样和少数类过采样来解决膜蛋白训练数据集不均衡问题。此外,用神经网络集成方法对已训练数据集和独立数据集进行分类测试,得出神经网络集成方法预测效果优于单个最好神经网络。该方法为解决蛋白质分类预测问题提供了一种新的策略,特别是训练数据集不均衡时,该方法的优势更加明显。     

A competitive genetic algorithm for resource-constrained project scheduling

In this paper we consider the resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) with makespan minimization as objective. We propose a new genetic algorithm approach to solve this problem. Subsequently, we compare it to two genetic algorithm concepts from the literature. While our approach makes use of a permutation based genetic encoding that contains problem-specific knowledge, the other two procedures employ a priority value based and a priority rule based representation, respectively. Then we present the results of our thorough computational study for which standard sets of project instances have been used. The outcome reveals that our procedure is the most promising genetic algorithm to solve the RCPSP. Finally, we show that our genetic algorithm yields better results than several heuristic procedures presented in the literature. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 733–750, 1998     

基于粗糙集理论的定性推理结果的约束

从分析定性推理结果存在的问题出发,提出定性约束的必要性.总结了几种现有的定性约束,提出一种新的定性约束-粗糙定性约束,利用粗糙集属性约简算法对定性推理结果进行约简.简要介绍了粗糙定性推理软件的总体设计思路流程和功能模块划分.以物资供应保障过程定性推理结果为例,对所得推理结果进行粗糙定性约束,得到重要推理结果,为物资供应保障决策提供参考意见.     

炮兵模拟对抗训练系统的评估方法新探

主要探讨炮兵分队运用计算机模拟对抗训练系统来组织、评估训练的方法,并建立计算机评估数学模型。     

基于仿真结果的舰载武备系统试验鉴定方法研究

由于舰载武备系统现场实验效率低、实现困难等现状,提出了仿真结果用于试验鉴定的基本思想。用数学、统计语言对小子样场合下武器装备系统的试验鉴定问题进行了描述,将其"映射"成Bayes统计推断问题,得到了其Bayes统计推断数学仿真模型。经实例分析研究,与传统方法相比较,该方法提高了舰载武备系统试验鉴定水平,缩短了试验周期,有效保障了武器装备系统的作战使用。     

浅议对军队经济责任审计结果的运用

经济责任审计结果，就是经济责任审计成果的一系列结论性文件。正确运用经济责任审计结果，对于预防权力腐败，加强军队廉政建设具有重要的现实意义。